Redouane Roukhsi, Ben Elhend Salah, Abdelilah Mouhcine, El Mehdi Atmane, El Fikri Abdelghani.
Journal: Medpeer Publisher
ISSN: 3066-2737
Volume: 3
Issue: 3
Date of Publication: 2026/03/05
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard examination for evaluating the spinal cord and spinal nerve structures [1]. Whether discovered incidentally or as part of a specific workup, vertebral body signal abnormalities represent a frequent diagnostic challenge. Their correct interpretation is crucial for distinguishing normal variants and benign lesions from malignant pathologies. This article aims to provide a narrative and didactic review of the different types of vertebral signal abnormalities on MRI, classifying them based on their presentation and emphasizing key semiological features, differential diagnoses, and potential pitfalls. A synthetic analysis of recent scientific literature was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Signal abnormalities can be classified into several categories: age-related, degenerative, inflammatory, tumoral, vascular, and traumatic. T1-weighted, T2-weighted, STIR, post-contrast T1, and diffusion-weighted (DWI) sequences are the cornerstones of characterization [2, 3]. The combination of features (hypo-/hyperintense on T1, enhancement pattern, diffusion restriction) guides the diagnosis. A systematic approach integrating morphological appearance, signal characteristics, and clinical-biological context is essential. MRI, with its array of sequences, allows for strong diagnostic guidance and management planning in the majority of cases.
Spinal MRI, Vertebral signal abnormality, Bone marrow, Metastases, Differential diagnoses, Bone imaging, MRI semiology.
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