EL KHAOUA Sakina, SAHLI Mohamed, HEMMAOUI Bouchaib, OURAINI Saloua, BENARIBA Fouad, ERRAMI Noureddine
Journal: Medpeer Publisher
ISSN: 3066-2737
Volume: 3
Issue: 2
Date of Publication: 2026/02/26
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo accounts for one-third of all vertigo cases. It is a true rotational vertigo triggered by changes in head position, which lasts less than 30 seconds, isolated from any auditory and neurological signs. It is due to a displacement of otoliths in one of the semicircular canals of the vestibule of the inner ear. In 89% of cases, it is the posterior canal, in 10% of cases the lateral canal and in 1% of cases the anterior canal. The objective was to determine the epidemio-clinical and therapeutic parameters of this pathology at the ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital of Instruction.
A prospective and descriptive study on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo was carried out over a period of 6 months from September 2023 to February 2024 in ENT and Head and Neck Surgery Department, Mohammed V Military Hospital of Instruction in Rabat. The parameters studied were age and gender, the patient's history, the side and semicircular canals affected, the duration and intensity of vertigo, warning signs, signs of examinations, as well as the therapeutic maneuvers undertaken.
Our sample included 39 patients. The age of the patients varies between 39 and 74 years with an average of 57.9 years. Our group consists of 22 women and 17 men. A total of 53.85% of the cases involved the left side and 46.15% for the right side.
31 patients have posterior canal BPPV, 8 patients have lateral canal BPPV, 5 patients have the geotropic form and 3 patients have the ageotropic form and 0 cases for the anterior canal.
A total of 37 (94.88%) of the patients recruited were cured after liberatory maneuvers, including 29 (78%) after one or two Sémont-Toupet maneuvers and 8 (21.62%) after Epley maneuvers.
In the geotropic form, healing is obtained after 1 maneuver in 40%, after 2 maneuvers in 40%. A 3rd maneuver is necessary in 20% of cases. For the ageotropic form, release is obtained only after 2 maneuvers in 33.3%, and after 3 maneuvers in 50%. In 16.7% of patients, release was not obtained despite a 4th maneuver and the use of a vibrator.
The management of PPPV of the posterior canal is essentially based on two therapeutic maneuvers that aim to move the canaliths from the posterior semicircular canals to the utricle in order to be resorbed
VPPB of the lateral canal has 2 forms: Geotropic and Ageotropic. They are defined by the direction of the nystagmus triggered during rolling, depending on the position of crystals in the lateral canal. The determination of the side is essential because it determines the direction in which the repositioning maneuver must be carried out.
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) , Vertigo , Otoliths , Canaliths, Geotropic, Ageotropic Form
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